Circuit Breaker Pattern in Go
Go Concurrency Patterns Series: ← Context Pattern | Series Overview | Rate Limiter → What is the Circuit Breaker Pattern? The Circuit Breaker pattern prevents cascading failures in distributed systems by monitoring for failures and temporarily stopping calls to failing services. Like an electrical circuit breaker, it “trips” when failures exceed a threshold, giving the failing service time to recover. States: Closed: Normal operation, requests pass through Open: Failing fast, requests are rejected immediately Half-Open: Testing if service has recovered Real-World Use Cases Microservices: Prevent cascade failures between services Database Connections: Handle database outages gracefully External APIs: Deal with third-party service failures Payment Processing: Handle payment gateway issues File Systems: Manage disk I/O failures Network Operations: Handle network partitions Basic Circuit Breaker Implementation package main import ( "context" "errors" "fmt" "sync" "time" ) // State represents the circuit breaker state type State int const ( StateClosed State = iota StateOpen StateHalfOpen ) func (s State) String() string { switch s { case StateClosed: return "CLOSED" case StateOpen: return "OPEN" case StateHalfOpen: return "HALF_OPEN" default: return "UNKNOWN" } } // CircuitBreaker implements the circuit breaker pattern type CircuitBreaker struct { mu sync....